The Relational Algebra

1. The relational algebra is a procedural query language.
   • Six fundamental operations:
     • select (unary)
     • project (unary)
     • rename (unary)
     • cartesian product (binary)
     • union (binary)
     • set-difference (binary)
   • Several other operations, defined in terms of the fundamental operations:
     • set-intersection
     • natural join
     • division
     • assignment
   • Operations produce a new relation as a result.

• Fundamental Operations
• Formal Definition of Relational Algebra
• Additional Operations