enum Color {red, black};

template <typename T>
class TreeNode {
  
private:
  T item;
  TreeNode<T> *leftChild;
  TreeNode<T> *rightChild;
  TreeNode<T> *parent;
  Color color;
  
public:
  TreeNode(const T& newItem) {
    // Initializes tree node with item and no children.
    item = newItem;
    leftChild  = NULL;
    rightChild = NULL;
    parent     = NULL;
    color = red;
  }  // end constructor
  
  TreeNode(T newItem, 
      TreeNode<T> *left, TreeNode<T> *right,
      Color col) {
    // Initializes tree node with item and
    // the left and right children references.
    item = newItem;
    leftChild  = left;
    rightChild = right;
    parent = NULL:
    color = col;
  }  // end constructor
  
  const T& getItem() const {
    // Returns the item field.
    return item;
  }  // end getItem
  
  void setItem(const T& newItem) {
    // Sets the item field to the new value newItem.
    item  = newItem;
  }  // end setItem
  
  TreeNode<T> *getLeft() const {
    // Returns the reference to the left child.
    return leftChild;
  }  // end getLeft
  
  void setLeft(TreeNode<T> *left) {
    // Sets the left child reference to left.
    leftChild  = left;
  }  // end setLeft
  
  TreeNode<T> *getRight() const {
    // Returns the reference to the right child.
    return rightChild;
  }  // end getRight
  
  void setRight(TreeNode<T> *right) {
    // Sets the right child reference to right.
    rightChild  = right;
  }  // end setRight
  
  TreeNode<T> *getParent() const {
    // Returns the reference to the right child.
    return parent;
  }  // end getRight
  
  void setParent(TreeNode<T> *newParent) {
    // Sets the right child reference to right.
    parent  = newParent;
  }  // end setRight
  
  Color getColor() {
    // Returns the color of the node
    return color;
  }
  
  void setColor(Color newColor) {
    // Sets the color of the node
    color = newColor;
  }
};  // end TreeNode